PRINCIPLES OF JUDO

  • Seiryoku Zenyo (精力善用) / Maximum efficiency
  • Jita Kyoei (自他共栄) / Mutual welfare & benefit

GENERAL

  • Dojo (道場) / (Judo) school
  • Fusegi (防ぎ) / Escapes
  • Jigotai (自護体) / Defensive posture
  • Judo (柔道) / Gentle way
  • Judoka (柔道家) / Person who studies Judo
  • Kappo (活法) / Resuscitation techniques
  • Kata (形) / Form or Pattern
  • Kodokan (講道館) / Headquarters of judo
  • Kumi-kata (組み方) / Gripping techniques
  • Kuzure (崩れ) / Modified hold
  • Mae (前) / Forward, Front
  • Maitta (参った) / Give-up
  • Nage (投げ) / Throw
  • Nagekomi (投げ込み) / Repetitive throwing practice
  • Randori (乱取り) / Free practice, Sparring
  • Ritsurei (立礼) / Standing bow
  • Sensei (先生) / Instructor, Teacher
  • Seiza (正座) / Formal kneeling posture
  • Shiai (試合) / Contest, Tournament
  • Shinpan (審判) / Referee
  • Tatami (畳) / (Judo) mat
  • Tori (取り) / Person performing the technique
  • Tokui Waza (得意技) / Best or favourite technique
  • Uchikomi (打ち込み) / Repeated practice without throw completion
  • Uke (受け) / Person who receives the technique
  • Ushiro (後ろ) / Backward, Rear
  • Waza (技) / Technique
  • Yoko (横) / Side
  • Zarei (座礼) / Kneeling bow

CALLS & COMMANDS

  • Rei (礼) / Bow
  • Hajime (始め) / Start
  • Matte (始め) / Stop, Wait
  • Sore Made (それまで) / End of contest
  • Sono Mama (そのまま) / Do not move, Freeze
  • Yoshi (良し) / Carry on (continue contest)
  • Osaekomi (抑え込み) / Pin (call to begin timing)
  • Toketa (解けた) / Hold broken (call to stop timing)

SCORING & PENALTIES

  • Koka (効果) / Score less than a yuko (no longer used)
  • Yuko (有効) / Score less than a waza-ari
  • Waza-ari (技あり) / Half point
  • Waza-ari awasete Ippon (技あり合わせて一本) / Two waza-ari equals ippon
  • Ippon (一本) / Full point (instant win)
  • Shido (指導) / Penalty
  • Hansoku-make (反則負け) / Disqualification
  • Hiki-wake (引き分け) / No decision-tie or draw

GRADES

  • Kyū (級) / Grade, Student rank
  • Dan (段) / Degree, Black belt rank
  • Rokkyū (六級) / 6th kyu
  • Gokyū (五級) / 5th kyu
  • Yonkyū (四級) / 4th kyu
  • Sankyū (三級) / 3rd kyu
  • Nikyū (二級) / 2nd kyu
  • Ikkyū (一級) / 1st kyu
  • Shodan (初段) / 1st dan
  • Nidan (二段) / 2nd dan
  • Sandan (三段) / 3rd dan
  • Yondan (四段) / 4th dan
  • Godan (五段) / 5th dan
  • Rokudan (六段) / 6th dan
  • Shichidan (七段) / 7th dan
  • Hachidan (八段) / 8th dan
  • Kudan (九段) / 9th dan
  • Jūdan (十段) / 10th dan

JUDOGI & BODY PARTS

  • Ashi (足) / Foot
  • Eri (襟) / Lapel
  • Hara (腹) / Stomach
  • Hiji (肘) / Elbow
  • Hiza (膝) / Knee
  • Koshi (腰) /  Hip
  • Kubi (首) / Neck 
  • Mata (股) / Inner-thigh
  • Mune (胸) / Chest
  • Judogi (柔道着) / Judo uniform
  • Obi (帯) / Belt
  • Sode (袖) / Sleeve
  • Te (手) / Hand
  • Ude (腕) / Arm
  • Waki (脇) / Armpit